Automatic pilot-light-controlled heating apparatus.



I. J. OMALLEY. AUTOMATIC PILOT LIGHT GONTROLLED HEATING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED Nov. 22, 1909.'

1,001,883. r lPatented Aug.29, 1911.

3 sHEETS-BHEET 1. @l

I. J. OMALLEY. AUTOMATIC PILOT LIGHT GONTROLLBD HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. Z2, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

`Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

.4 IME/afar I. J. OMALLEY. AUTOMATIC PILOT LIGHT coNTRoLLED HEATING APPARATUS. APPLIOAI'IQN FILED NOV. 22, 1909.

1,001,883. Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET s.

IBA J. 0MAL`LEY,/ 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.`

-AUTOMA'JJIC4 PILOT-LIGHT-CONIROLLED HEATING APPARATUS.

Leonesa.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, IRA J OMALLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing -at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, vhave invented certain new Aand useful Improvements in Automatic Pilot- LightControlled Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates. in general to'heat ing apparatuses using controlled fuel, and is particularly adapted to be u sed in connection Lwith Water heaters which employ a main battery of gaseous fuel burners to heat the water fordornestic or other purposes, and a continuously burning pilot light from which the main burners are ignited. In l heaters of this character the supply tof fuel 1s ordinarilyv admitted automatically tothe main burners upon the opening of a water faucet and the quantity admitted is regulated by ya thermostat valve under the control of a thermostat. Owing to the fact that when the water faucets are all closed the supply of gas to the main burners is"v automaticallyiout off, the` pilot light gas supply must Abeindependent therefrom, as itis essential that the pilot light be kept burning forthe purpose of igniting the main burners when'neCeSSary. In this type of heater. the' ignition' of the gas issuing from 'the main burners, is dependent upon the pilot"light, and should lthe pilot light be extinguished, the gas would escape from the burners in large volumes. This gas which in passing through the burnersv has been automatically mixed with a certain propor? tion of air-for the purpose of effecting good combustion results in a combustive mixture of-an explosive character. Should this explosive mixture escape into thestovepipe it would constitute a source 'of great danger becauseof lthe risk of explosion due to possible ignition from other fires that y may communicate with the same chimney, or

from ,exposed` lights or fireplaces. Down, drafts inthe chimney, which -might, blow the gas mixtureback into the' house, would still further endanger the lives `0i" the occupants from asphyxiation. From the foregoing the importance of the pilot light in heaters of this kind will be appreciated for the operation of the whole heater is dependent upon the 'certain ignition 'of 4the main gas hamers-from. fhg-Pilot light, and upon its faillll'Q-O ,..SO '1glQ ite them, great danger to, life and property mgygnsug Specication of Letters Patent.

Application Ied November 22, 1909.

. pointed out in Patented Aug. 29, 1911. Serial No. 529,241.

My invention has been designed for the purpose of eliminating such danger due to the extinguishment of the'pilot light, thus rendering the operation o f the heaters safe and certain under all possible conditions, and it is an object of my invention to provide a simple, positive and reliableV means for automatically shutting off the supply of gas to both the pilot vburner and the main urners if the pilot light should become eX- tinguished, and for positively locking the cut-olf valve :for the main burners so that the automatic admission of gasV to said burners by the opening of a water faucet, is rendered impossible.

eiicient means by -which the'ifuel supply can,

be readily turned on to thel pilotlight by hand and without exposing the person 1ight.

possibility of an '.eXplosion,

ing it, tothe p while .at the same time leaving the supply of gas to the .2A furtherobject is'tofp'rovide means for insuring that the initial low of the gas to the burner battery'shal-l .be directed to the burners 'nearest thepilot light and to govern the flow of gas to' said main burners.

Anotherobject is the elimination-'of what is known as the f circulating thermostat from heaters'of this kind. v .1 Still another object is the direct application of theheat from the pilot light tothe thermostat by means of a circulating conductingmedium.. p A

Additional objects are to providea visual indicator Whichshall denote to the user of the heater oft, and to further improve the general structure and to increase the eliciency of heaters of this character.

Other aims, objects and `advantages of my invention will the art .as it becomes better understood by reference to the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying illustration of one specific embodiment thereof, while itsscope will be more particularly l the appended claims. .jfReferring'tojthe-drawings Figure' l is a 'sectional elevation showing the thermostat landwater and Jgas valves.A Fig. 2 1s an elef 'jvati'on of that part of my invention shown ur- AnotherY object is to provide l[simple and whether the gas supply is on ory be obvious to those skilled in main burners 1 closed and under thermostatic control whereby it will be Fig. 1, but lookingA at the opposite side thereof. Fig. 3 is an elevation looking in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view, partly brokenv away, of the thermostat 'and fitting therefor, shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6--6 of F ig` 4. Fig. 7 is a plan of the cap over the pilot burner. Fig. 8 is a planview of the water and gas valves and shows the relation of the locking mechanism thereto. Fig. 9 is a section on the.line 9-9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a View of the thermostat lever 33 and connected parts taken on the line 10-10, Fig. 8. Fig. 11 is an enlarged section of the auxiliary valve seat for the thermostat valve. Fig. 12 is an elevation of a preferred form of visual indicater-for indicating the position of the shutoff valves. f

My invention is capable of application to water heaters of various kinds, known as automatic heaters, which may. beconnected up in anyone of several well-known ways. Oneway 'is to supply them with dead cold j mater, meaning water at a verylow tem- -wiu Shut @if the perature direct fromthe house supply pipe. Another, and very customary way is to connect them in a f reheating or supplementary system, Yin which the heater is supplied with-water from atank heated from independent means such asa furnace coil, for instance. The water from such a tank will be supplied to the automatic heater at varying temperatures, both above and below that for which the thermostat on the automatic .heater is set. If water at a temperature at or above that for which the thermostat. is set, is supplied to the heater, the said thermostat will be expanded bythe passage of such heated water, and by'its expansion gas to the heater burners, thereby permitting the passage of such heated water to the faucet throughthe heater without the consumption ofany gas. If, however, the temperature of the water admitted is below that for which theythermost-at is set, the contraction of the thermostat tube will automatically turn on the gas and the running water will be heated tothe desired temperature. l

Referring'now more particularly to" the drawings wherein I have shown the invention embodied in a well-known water heater, the 'jacket 12 surrounds and incloses a battery of main gas burners 13,of any preferred type,and a superposed water coil '14. The

. -cold waterinletpipe 16 which connects with the upper end of the coil at 17, has interposed therein a water yalve' 15 and is provided with a cock'18 for regulating the flow i of water. The water valve is mounted on a bracket 19 attached to the jacket and is provided with an inlet port 15"and an outlet port 15 andA a plunger 20, Fig. 1. JThe The main gas supply pipe 23 is provided with a manually controlled shut-offV 23 adapted to be operated by handle 23 and a valve casing 22 which contains a main gas valve 24 normally held in closed position by the spring 25, and a thermostat gas valve 26 normally open. Into the valve seat 26a against which themain gas valve 24 isadapted to seat, is threaded an extensible and resilient valve seat 26b which projects inwardly from the seat 26a, and is provided at its inner end with a seat 26c against which the back face 26d of thel thermostat' valve 26 is adapted to seat when said valve is opened to an abnormal position. This valve seat is made resilient and expansible to obviate breakage of any part of the thermostat system when under extraordinary conditions thef thermostat tube should become contracted to an amount greater than that necessary to seat the face 26d against the seat 26. In the construction above described, if such undue contraction of the thermostat tube should occur, the seat 26b would yield under lthe pressure of the thermostat valve, suffiv ciently to obviate any danger of breakage of any of the parts of the mechanism. The stem 24 ofthe main gas valve extends through the hollow stem 26 of the thermostat valve and both stems project through the inner end of the valve casing 22 with a stem 24 arranged in alinement and opposition to the stem 25 of the water valve, and separated a short distance therefrom.

The main burners 13 are preferably arrangedl on a burner ring, comprising an inner and outer circle with the pilot located invproximity to the burners nearest the gas inlet. Ordinarily in constructions of this kind when` gas is turned on to the main burners it will flow to all of them in equal quantity, and considerable gas will'escape from the burners farthest from the pilot light before they will become lighted, thereby causing a delayed ignition or slight explosion. I have overcome this objectionable feature by interposing at the base of each of the main burners more remote fromI the `pilot burner, a small gas governing check valve 13a. These governing valves are adapted to rest normally on the seats 13b over the inlets lfrom the main gas pipe; Should the gas pressure become so high that more gas. would be fed through the burners than could be consumed, the governing valves would be raised-by the gas pressure to rest against the downwardly extending lugs 13 at the top of the valve'casings.

AThe apertures between these lugs are only large enough to admit`what gas the burners can consume; as a result an excessive gas in the burners, immediately affecting the permitted to loW to the burners. Preferably the threeI burners nearest ythe pilot burner are not supplied with governing valves. The initial flow of gas which is under comparatively slight pressure, will be insuiticient to open the governor valves, and will consequently be admitted only to the burners nearest the pilot light, and not until the pressure becomes sufficient to open the valves in the base of the remaining burners, will the gas be admitted thereto. In this manner the gas will first be supplied to the burners nearest the pilot light, and they will becomeignited and subsequently when the gas pressure is sufficient to open the governor valves in the other burners, gas will be` admitted and they will be lighted from the already ignited burners nearer the pilot light. In case of a small leakage of gas to the main burners, these governor gas valves will insure .that such gas will .be consumed pilot cap so that all the heatwill be focused thereon, consequently, the thermostat will be morerapidly heated and will act more quickly to automatically shut o such escaping gas.

A ,thermostat comprising a casing 27 (Figs. 1 and 4) and a tube `28 having k'a relatively. high co-eiliciency of expansion closed at its upper end arranged within the outer tube andl screwed into the fitting 27 at the lower end of the outer tube, is con'- nected by a branch 27 to the outlet of the hot water coil in the heater. A rod 29, preferably of porcelain, butpwhich may be composed 'of any material having a relatively low co-efiiciency of expansion, is located within and is secured to the closed upper end of the expansion. tube 28. The

' porcelain rod is provided. at its lower end with a pin 30, which extends through the ftting27 at the lower endof the outer tube 27. vThis fitting has two parallel downward" projections 31 on which the( thermostat levers 32 and 33 are fulcrumed at 32 'q with a ball check valve. 370. The purpose and 33, respectively. The lever 32 has an adjusting screw stop 35 to engage the lever 33. The lower end of the lever 33 is slotted as' at 33', Fig: 10, and engagesa collar 33 'ontliestem 26 of the thermostat gas valve 26. A springl 36 is arranged on the stem 26' between said collar 33 and the gas valve casing 22. The` upperl end of the outer. tube of the thermostat is connected pipe 37r through a fitting l .of this check valve is to prevent back flow of Water throughthe thermostat, due to the ordinary ebb and flow of water in the pipes, or -other causes, which would tend toreduce the ltemperature .of the thermostat coil and tube and cause untimely contraction of the tube. A washer 371 secured in the top of the fitting, has downwardlyprojecting prongs 372 which prevent the passage of the ballup into the outlet pipe 37 along with the running water.

As is best shown in Figs, 4 and G, the

fitting 27is laterally extended at 270 to provide a plurality of fittings 271 and 272, into which` are adapted to be screwed the two pipes 38 and 39-respectively- A small` and contraction of the fluid within the tube.

The upper end of the expansion tube 28 is extended to form two parallel lugs between Which the small copper tube rests and is supported. The pi e 39 extends downwardly laterally, yas s own in Fig. 3, and

,then upwardly and is connected to a cap 40 over the pilot burner 41. Thisccap, which is hollow, is circular in shape, as shown in Fig. 7, and has` attached to one side thereof, the lower end of `the pipe 38. It will'be 'evident'that the cap 40,.the pipe 38, the fitting 27, the small copper tube 275 and the pipe 39, constitute when illed with Huid, a fluid system in which, whenv the fluid is heated by the pilot light, a circulation is set up. This system will be hereinafter referred toas a circulating system. This circulating system, as will be evident, comprises asubstantially closed system in which the water flows in a circuit and is used over and over again. This feature of using this same Water repeatedly in the circulating system, is very advantageous in those localities`where the heater is used with hard water, because the small tubes are not apt to be stopped up with mineral deposits as theywould be if a new supply of hard water were continually admitted thereto. This circulating-system eliminates from the heater the ordinary circulating thermo-l son. Under the foregoing conditions the main gas 'valve permit-s gas to flow to the A lmain burners, thus heating and setting up acirculation through the heating coils and thermostat, lthereby expanding the thermostat until it closes the thermostat valve and 'whenthe faucets are closed, the combined heat of themain and pilot burners acting on the pilot cap and the pipe leading therefrcm,.quiclrly heat up theJ thermostat and .thereby cut E the gas more promptly and the pilot light to the thermostat.

with gas througha 'nected with the main gas pipe 23. The

eft'ectually than it would'ordinarily be cut ol' by the circulating thermostat. The use of a cap over the pilot light in connection with va thermostat coil surrounding the thermostat tube, insures the direct transmission and application of the heat from The pilot burner 41, (Fig. 3) is supplied ipe 42, which is conpipe 42 is provided'with a cut-olfcock 42 and a starting valve 43 which when closed shuts oli the supply of gas to the pilot light, This valve, shown in Fig. 9- as open, isnormally heldin V'thafposition by a locking bar` or rod 44, whirolrgiests upon a stop plate 45, secured upon'j hel-bracket 46, and extends through a collat4f fastened to thetopof the valvestem' '48. The inner end of the locking bar is threaded for the reception of lockingngts. 49 and 51, which secure the rdjecting lug or lateral extension rrnostat lever 33. Upon abnor- 'of the lever 33 to the right (Figs. 1 an'daf9) caused byexcessive contract-ion of the 'thermostat tube the locking bar- 44 will slide along the plate 45 until its shoulder 53-is forced down behind the locking plate 45 under the influence of the spring 53, surrounding an extension of the stem 48, and interposed between the collar 47, and the frame of a-visual indicator .54." This indicator may be of any preferred construction, but I have deemed 1t advisable to provide it with characters whereby the person operating the heater, by glancing at the indicator, *is enabled to ascertain whether' the as supply is on or olii'. It is alsopreferab y provided with directions for restarting the heater, plainly visible in a convenient and accessible position. When the thermostat lever 33 is moved to thel right suiiiciently to permit the shoulder 53 of the bar 44 to dro down behind the locking plate 45, the va ve 43 will be closed, thereby cutting off the gas supply to) the pilot burner. f The thermostat valve 26 being governed by the lever 33 will Simultanej ouslybemoved into position to bring its g face 26kinto engagement with the face 26 fco ofjtherresilient seat 26b,-thereby positively vshutting "off the supply of gas to the main burners. The engagement of the shoulder on the locking br 44 with the locking plate .45 will prevent the return movement of the v'thermostat lever 33y until the locking bar has been raised to disengage it from the h locking plate. 4A simple but eiicient means for -unlocking the valve is shown in the form of a cam 55, mounted-upon the casing of the .valve 43, and so positioned relatively to the bar 44 that when the 'cam surface is rotated it will engage the underside of said lever and raise it, thereby opening the starting valve 43 and lift-ing the shoulder 53 above .the locking late 45, where it will be retained `by the 'rictional engagement of the lever 44 and the cam 55.. This operation admits gas tothe pilot burner and it may be relighted. The valve 26, however,

is still retained in engagement with the seat 26c by the lever 33, and not until the thermostat tubeV becomes partially expanded under the iniuence of the circulating system heated by the' pilot. iight, will the 16v-er 33 be. permitted to move. outwardly and thereby allow the valve to unseat from the face 26", so that the gas may be admitted to the main burners. The outwardmovement of the lever 33 andwith it the lockingbar 44 will withdraw said bar from engagement normal position under the influence' of gravity. f i

In thenormal operation of my invention, assuming all the water faucets to beclosed, Vthe lmain burners are extinguished and the pilot light is burning, thereby heating the fluid circulating system and maintaining the thermostat expansion -tube at an 'approxi-'I cet is;y shut olf the gas supply to the main` burners will be automatically shut off and control of the thermostat will again be assumed by the pilot light. As will be evident, the control of the thermostat is automatically assumed alternately bythe water supply heated from the main burners and the circulating system heated from the pilot burner.

pilot ightjand main burners, I believe to be novel, for in'so far as I am aware the application of heat` directly from the pilot light' to the thermostat, which is also conltrolled .by the main burners, and the provision of means whereby control of the thermostat may be alternately assumed by the main and pilot burners, has neverbeen accomplished. Furthermore, by employinof only one ythermostat controlled from bot `with the cam 55 which will then returnfto This` independent and nen-com-y flictino control \of the thermostat by the'120 the main and pilot burners, fthe same thermostat Which governs the heater in its normal position is brought into action to shutoff the gas supply in case o't emergency, and since this thermostat must be in operative condition in order to control the normal operation of the machineI` it can be depended upon to aetwith reliability in case ot' emergency. Assuming now that With the faucets closed the pilot light becomes extinguished or the flame is reduced to such an extent that it is insuticient to properly ignite the main burners if gas should be turned on, the thermostatI tube thereupon contracts and through the intermediary of the thermostat levers`seats the thermostat valve against the resilient seat 2Gb and at the same time slides the locking bar 44 along the locking plate 45 until the shoulder 53 is engaged behind said plate. This lookin movement of the bar securely'locks the thermostat valve against its seat-26In and simul-4 taneously closes the starting valve 43. The gas supply to both the main and pilot burners is now effectually cut ott'. Even if the main gas valve 24 should be opened by turning on the water or if the thermostat should be heated up by passing hot Water through, as might occur in case the heater is connected in a supplementary system, as previously explained, the gas can not esca-pe to the burners past t-he seated and locked thermostat valve. It is only by manually raising the locking lever and relighting the pilotl light, thereby permitting it to resume control of the thermostat and restore it to normal condition.l that the thermostat valve will permit gas to be admitted'to the main burners. Thus. by positively locking both the shut-oti" and starting valves in closed position as soon as they assume that position. I obviate the possibility of explosions and other dangers due to esca-ping gas either from the main or pilot burners, and b v'leaving the shut-off valve in closed position to be automatically opened under the influence of the pilot light. I insure that the pilot light must be burning before anygas can be admitted to the main burners.

While I have shown and described a specie embodiment of my invention, various changes may be made in this practical form, it being understood that its invention is `generic and contemplates other means than those shown and described. w

That- I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a Water heater. the combination of a main burner, a 4.pilot burner, means for supplying gas to Isaid main and pilot burners. a thermostat arranged to control the supply of gas to said burners. heat conducting connections betiveen the thermostat and said main burner, and heat conducting connections between the thermostat and said plying gas to said main "pilot burners.

2. In a water heater, the combination of main burners, a pilot burner, means for sup-Y and pilotburners, a thermostat, a fluid system connected with the thermostat and adapted to be heated by the main burners, andan independent fluid system connected with the thermostat and adapted to be heated by the pilot burner,

whereby the thermostatmay be controlled y independently by the main and pilot burners. 3. In awater heater, the combination of a main Water supplying system,a main burner for heating said system, an independent circulating system, a pilot burner adapted to heat said system, a thermostat adapted to be influenced by both thrJ main and circulating systems, and independent means controlled by the thermostat for regulatin the supply of gas to said main and pi ot burners respectively. i y

4. In a water heater, the combination of a plurality of main burners, a pilotburner, means for supplying gas to said burners, a

main Water-heating coil adapted to bev heated by the main burners, a thermostat, a thermostat-'influencing coil adapted to be heated by said pilot burner, and means controlled by said thermostat for shutting ott' the gas supply to bothl the main and pilot burners when the thermostat-influencing coil fails to maintain the thermostat at a prede termined temperature. l

5. In Water heater, t-he oombinationof a plurality of main burners, a' pilot burner, means for supplying gas to said burners, a main water supply system adapted tov be heated by said main burners, a circula-ting system adapted to be heated by said pilot burner, a thermostat adapted to be influenced by both the Water supply and circulating systems, and means controlled by said thermostat for automatically cutting oil the supply of gas to both the main and pilotburners upon extinguishment of the pilot light.

6.. In a water heater, the combination ofa plurality of main burners, a. pilot burner, means for supplying gas to said burners, a water supply system adapted to be heated by said main burners, a circulating system adapted to be heated by said pilot burner, a thermostat adapted to be influenced by both the water supply and circulating systems, mechanism controlled by said thermostat for positively cutting off the supply of gas to both the main and pilot burners when the pilot light is extinguished. and means for automatically locking't-he cut olf mechanism in closed position.

7. In a Waterheater, the combination of a pilot burner, a gas supply pipe leading thereto, a thermostat, a thermostatiniluenc ing coil disposed around said thermostat, heat conducting connections from said coil to the ,pilot burner` whereby the coil is heated by said pilot burner, and means controlled by said thermostat for shutting ofi' thegas supply to said'pilot burner upon extinguishment of the pilot light.

8. In a water heater, the combination of a main burner, a pilot burner, means for supplying gas to said burners, a thermostat,1 a circulating fluid System havingone portion thereof coiled around the thermostat and disposed adjacent the pilot burner whereby the heat from the pilot burner is conducted directly to the thermostat, and means controlled by said thermostat for shutting oi the gas supply to both said main and pilot llziuxrlncrs upon extinguishment of the pilot ig t.

9. In a water heater,'the combination of a main burner, a valve for controlling the supply of gas thereto, a pilot burner, astarting valve adapted to shut off the supply of as to` sald pilot burner, a thermostat norma y influenced by both the mainand pilot burners, means controlled by said thermostat for closing both-gas supply valves and means for locking them in closed position upon extinguishment of the pilot light.

10. In a Water heater, the combination of a main burner, a pilot burner, a thermostat, a circulating system comprising a coil operatively connected Withsaid thermostat and adapted to be heated by saidpilot light, for iniiuencing said thermostat, and means -controlled by-said thermostat for automatibe heated by the pilot light for in iiuencing said thermostat, means controlled by said thermostat for automatically cutting oli' the supply of gas tothe pilot light and a visible indicator to denotewhether the gas is on 12. In a water heater, in combination, a plurality of main burners,'a'A ilot burner, independent gas supply pi es or the main said gas supply pipes, means under the contr'ol of the pilot light for automatically closing said shut-cti' valves and locking them inl closed position when thel pilot light is extinguished, and release means for opening the pilot light cut-oil and unlocking withoutopening the maingas cut-off valve.A

13. In a water heater, the combination of main. burners, al pilot bprner, gas supplypipes connected to sald main and pilot burnvalve in each of ers,an independent cut-off valve-for each of' said supply pipes', a thermostat, means controlled-by said thermostat for automatically` .closing said valves, a locking device for locking said valves in closed position, manual means for opening said pilot cut-off valve and simultaneously unlocking the main gas supply valve, and yielding means for preventing the opening of said main gas sup-.7.A

' burner, a thermostat, a heatconducting con'- nection between said thermostat andY said pilot c ap and means forinsuring that any small low of gas tothe mainburners shall heater, in combination, a

be directed to the burners nearest the pilot light whereby the heat from said burners \will be focused upon the pilot cap.

15. In a water heater; the combination of a pilot burner, a pilqtfcjap; a thermostat, a circulating system conneotingsaid cap and thermostat, aplurality off; main burners varying in distance from said pilot burner, and 4means, for preventing gas vunder low pressure from being .admitted to the main burners except those nearest the pilot burner whereby the thermostat will be influenced through the vpilot cap by the main burners nearest the pilot burner.

16. -In water heater, in combination, a

pilot burner, `a plurality of mainburners` varying in proximity to said 'pilot burner and adapted to be ignited from said pilot' burnera gas supply pipe for said burners, a

thermostat connected with said pilot burner and a'governing valve interposed between the main gas supplyrpipe andeach of the main burners except those immediately adjacent -the pilot light, whereby any small iow of gas to the main burnerswill be conducted to the burners nearest the pilot light to iniuence said thermostat.

ioo

17. In awater heater, -the combination of a thermostat, a casing surrounding said thermostat, a -thermostat influencing coil disposed within the casing, a tting into which said casing is threaded provided. with an inlet opening for the main water supply and a o plurality of openings adapted to be connected to said thermostat-influencing coil, and

a thermostat, a casing for thermostat, a

fitting secured to oneend of said casing, said Afitting-being provided with inlet and outlet lcirculating pipes connected with said opens. 1 y .I 18. In a water heater, the combination of' t-ubes connecting said cap with the inlet and outlet openings in said fitting whereby a circulation of liquid may be maintained through said coil, tubes and pilot cap, by the heat from the pilot light.

19. In a water heater, the Combination of water heating coils, a thermostat connected therewith, a coil disposed around said thermostat, a casing surrounding said coil, a tting provided with openings into which either end of said coil is secured, a pilot light cap and pipes connecting said cap with the openings in said fitting to establish a circulating system from the pilot light capte the thermostat.

20. In a. water heater, in combination, a main ,watersupply system, a thermostat interposed in said system and adapted to be influenced thereby, a circulating system surrounding said thermostat, and also exerting infiuence thereon, a main burner for heating said main water supply system, a pilot burner adapted to heat said circulating system, and means controlled by t-he thermostat for shutting otl' the gas from said main burners when the pilot light has been eX-.

tinguished.

21. In a water heater, the combination of a plurality of main burners, a pilot burner, a thermostat adapted tov be infuencecl by both said main and pilot burners,.a valve is extinguished.

disk controlled by the thermostat for regulating the supply of gas to the main burners, and a resilient accordion valve seat against which one face of the valve disk is adapted to seat to positively lshut off the supply of gas to the main burners when the pilot light 22. In aV water heater, the combination of a plurality ofmain burners, a pilot burner, a

' thermostat adapted to be iniuenced by both thermostat when the said main and pilot burners, a plurality of thermostat levers'under the control of the thermostat, a thermostat valve connected to said thermostat levers for normally regulating the supply/of gas to the main burners, and comprisingl a valve disk provided with a double faced seat, and a flexible valve seat against which one face of the valve disk is adapted to seat to positively shut otf the gas supply to the main burners upon abnormal movement of the valve disk, caused by the pilot light is extinguished.

23. In a water heater, the combination of a battery of main burners, a pilot burner, a thermostat, connections from said .pilot burner to said thermostat, means adapted to carry heat from the vmain burner to the thermostat, a thermostat valve for normally regulating the supply of gas to the main burners and adapted upon abnormal move; ment to positively shut oft' the gas suppl)7 to said burners, means controlled by said thermostat for actuating said valve, and means supply.

for locking the valve when it has been moved to closed position due to the extinguishment of the pilot light.

24. In a. water heater, in combination, a vbattery of main burners, a pilot burner, a thermostat, a circulating system adaptedto be heatedsby said pilot light, comprising a heating cap over the pilot light, a thermostat-influencing coil surrounding said thermostat and connections between said coil and said pilot cap, all constructed and arranged so that upon extinguishment of the main burners, control of the thermostat is assumed by the pilot burner, and means under the control of the thermostat adapted upon the extinguishment of the pilot light to positively shut 0E the supply ofgas to both the main and pilot burners.

25. In a water heater, the combination of a main water valve, a main gas cut-0H'I valve, a thermostat valve adapted under normal conditions to regulate the su ply of gas for heating the water supply, and abnormal conditions to actas f a positive shut-off valve, a thermostat controlling the movement ,of said thermostat valve, a circulating system including a coil surrounding the thermostat for inuencing said thermostat, and a pilot light for heating said sysltem, all constructed and arranged so that the extinguishment ofthe pilot light, acting through l mostat valve to positively shut oil' the gas 26.' In -a water heater, the combination of a plurality of main burners, a thermostat, connections between said 4thermostat and main burners, whereby the thermostat is controlled by the main burners when they are lighted, a pilot burner, and liquid confining means connecting said pilot burner vand thermostat, whereby the ilot burner automatically assumes. controll of the thermostat upon the extinguishment of the main burners.

27. In a water heater, the combination of a plurality of main burners, a thermostat,

` a main water heating coil connected to said under f.

the thermostat, positions the therthermostat for controlling the supply of gas to said main and pilot burners.

28. In a'water heater, in combination, 'a plurality of main burners, a pilot burner, a starting valve adapted to shut off the supply of gas to the pilot burner, means for auto-I matically closing said valve and locking it in closed position and starting means for, unlockingyand opening said valve and subsequently permitting the admission of gas to the main burners after the pilot light has been relighted. l

29. In awater heater, in combination, a ing saidlocking-means, whereby gas may be plurality of Ina-in burners, a thermostat admitted to the main burners after the pilot 10 valve controlling the supply of gas thereto, burner has been relighted.. means for automatically locking said .Valve 5-in closed position, :L pilot light, a starting IRA J OMALLEY valve adapted to shut off the supply of gas Witnesses:

thereto, and manualmeans for unlocking l. J. WILSON, and opening said starting valve and releas- G. E. HOLMES; 

